Descripción de Grabados

El ‘grabado es el resultado de una técnica de impresión que consiste en transferir una imagen dibujada con instrumentos punzantes, cortantes o mediante procesos químicos en una superficie rígida llamada “matriz” con la finalidad de alojar tinta en las incisiones, que después se transfiere por presión a otra superficie como papel o tela.

La matriz suele ser de metal, empleándose generalmente planchas de cobre o aluminio pero también se usan otros materiales como madera, piedra o incluso placas acrílicas, y en ella se realiza el dibujo por medio de líneas generalmente, excavadas en la superficie de la plancha. Existen varias técnicas para grabar el dibujo.

La palabra “grabar” es de etimología alemana “graben” significa cavar. Entró en el castellano por medio del termino francés “graver“. El significado de grabar es trazar en una materia, marcas, letras o signos con una pieza incisiva como el buril.

                                                                                    Ref: WIKIPEDIA-INTERNET

Engraving is the practice of incising a design on to a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper as prints or illustrations; these images are also called engravings.

Engraving was a historically important method of producing images on paper, both in artistic printmaking, and also for commercial reproductions and illustrations for books and magazines. It has long been replaced by photography in its commercial applications and, partly because of the difficulty of learning the technique, is much less common in printmaking, where it has been largely replaced by etching and other techniques.

Traditional engraving, by burin or with the use of machines, continues to be practiced by goldsmiths, glass engravers, gunsmiths and others, while modern industrial techniques such as photoengraving and laser engraving have many important applications. Engraved gems were an important art in the ancient world, revived at the Renaissance, although the term traditionally covers relief as well as intaglio carvings, and is essentially a branch of sculpture rather than engraving, as drills were the usual tools.

                                                                                          Ref: WIKIPEDIA-INTERNET